The Health of College Students Essay -- college meal plans

Rob Geis, a current college educatee, explains, A assimilator is not at fault for unwelcome weight gain. It is the college repast plans that cause the gain in weight. Many colleges require incoming freshmen to be on a meal plan (Geis). Parents like the meal plans because they know their child is getting meals every day, but the plan does ask its downsides. Geis believes that many students do not occupy three meals every day. If we dont eat every meal we are given, we are wasting our money which was used to buy the meal plan. So, it is either gain weight or pay off money (Geis). This may cause the family of the student to get upset. The parents may reduce the students meal plan for the next year, which would make the student eat less. The student may then be at an unhealthy weight. This could cause tension between the student and his or her family. Students face physical and mental problems, and they get hold of strategies to optimize their health. A students overal l health in college involves many aspects. The physical health of a student plays a major situation in his or her health. First, according to Malinauskas et al., The Freshman Fifteen could be considered an epidemic. In a recent film conducted by Jung et al. and Whyshak explain that 90% of college students have heard of the Freshman Fifteen (qtd. in Carithers-Thomas et al.). A student can keep a healthy weight if he or she knows that knowledge. Also, a student may help his or her friends in keeping a healthy weight eventually, lowering the average weight gained in college. In another study conducted by Graham and Jones, they report 59% of college freshman gain weight in his or her first year of college (qtd. in Carithers-Thomas et al.). This could lead a student to ... ...g/ehost/detail?sid=5fa0dcd2-8360-492c-9f47-06bd2115521b%40sessionmgr112&vid=1&hid=121&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=aph&AN=51456646. Merianos, Ashley, et al. The Impact of Self-Esteem and Social Support o n College Students Mental Health. American Journal of Health Studies. EBSCOhost, Oct. 2013. Web. 19 Mar. 2014. .Dineley, Johnson. College Health 101 How to Stay Healthy on Campus. Nations Health. EBSCOhost, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2014. .Orender, Michael. Instant messenger interview. 23 Apr. 2014.

Anabolic Steroids Essay -- essays research papers

Anabolic Steroids     Anabolic steroids are synthetic coumpounds formulated to be like themale end up activity horm ane testosterone. Many athletes economic consumption anabolic steroids male andfemale alike, such as body builders , weightlifters, baseball players, footballplayers, swimmers, and runners. They do so because they mistakenly retrieve thatthey will gain strength and size.     In a male testosterone is released by the leydig cells in the testes.The testosterone has two main functions androgenic and anabolic. Androgenic isthe development of male sex characteristics. Anabolic is the development ofmuscle tissue.     To treat patient roles who suffer from a natural lack of testosteronepharmacoligists alter one form of testosterone slightly, increasing th length of clock time the drug is active. Testosterone was first isolated in 1935, soon forms oftestosterone such as dianabol, durabolin, deca-durabolin, and win strol wereproduced.     One of the main personal effects of anabolic steroids is to increase the numberof red assembly line cells and muscle tissue without producing much of the androgeniceffects of testosterone. in that respect are plainly four legal uses for steroids treatmentfor certain forms of cancer, pituatary dwarfism, and serious hormonedisturbances.     There are two forms of anabolic steroids those taken orally and thoseinjected. The immediate effects of both are mood swings of many different kinds.In one study, physicians Ian Wilson, Arthur Prang, Jr., and Patricio Lara fixthat four out of five men suffering from dippresion when given a steroidsuffered from dillusions. A research team from Great Britian Found that apatient given steroids became dizzy, dissoriented, and incoherent. PhysiciansWilliam Layman and William Annitto have had a case of a young man who wasdiagnosed as schizophrenic took steriods to help with his wieghtlif ting. Aftertaking these drugs he suffered toilsome deppresion and anxiety and had troublesleeping.     Most people who use steroids do not have side affects this severe.Steroids make changes in the electroencephalogram (an image of brain ellectricalactivity). Researchers believe that these changes are responsible for some ofthe behavior changes in users of steroids like increased hostility and... ... I read from the researchers that anabolic steroids showfew if any effects at all and I read from athletes that there is a very largeeffect on muscle gain and endurance. I came across only one book though thataddressed this issue between researchers and atheletes. The book sayed that TheAmerican College of Sports Medicine stated a report on the use and iniquity ofanabolic steroids. It stated that for many people any benefits of anabolicsteroids are small and not worth the health risk. Yet almost all the athleteswho use anabolic steroids feel that the steroids had a great effect and thatthey would not have been successful without them. The big gap betweenresearchers and athletes has caused a big contraversy athletes say one thing andresearchers say another. The researchers have found a reason that maybe is thecause that anabolic steroid users see efects that researchers say are not doable they call it the "placebo effect".     The placebo effect works by the power of suggestion athletes believethat the steroids will improve there performance so they do. The placebo effectis genuinely the performance is improved and the gains are not imagi

Themes of Blackberry Picking by Seamus Heaney Essays -- essays researc

Blackberry picking by Seamus Heaney is about eon, gluttony, limitations of life, and to some extent, the struggles of life. Heaney writes retrospectively about his life, with hindsight, about how he as a child, would go blackberry picking during a particular time of year. Throughout the poem and particularly in the first stanza, Heaney expenditures a wide range of literary devices such as intense picturery or sensory imagery, exceptionally meaningful metaphors and alliteration. Alliteration is used quite often in the poem. Throughout the on the whole poem, there is a frequent repetition of b words, such as big dark blobs burned. In the readers mind, this creates a more powerful image of the berries, and gives a strong impression of their shape and colour. There is quite a bit of imagery used in the first stanza, language that appeals to a backbone or any combination of the sense. Its flesh sweet like a thickened wine-colored, a glossy purple clot. Apparently, thickened wine is t asty, so it appeals to the taste and so does the sweetness of the thickened wine. He also describes the blackberries as Leave stains upon the tongue. Throughout the whole poem, there is a unceasing repetition of the word blood or a metaphor or simile referring to blood. There is also reference to flesh on several cause to make the berries sound desirable. Blood indicates the juice of the berries and flesh indicates what is within. An example of a metaphor is when Heaney describes the berries as a glossy purple clot. This smart use of an imagery and a metaphor at the same time gives an image of a ripe berry. There is also a smart use of a simile, hard as a knot, for the unripe berries. When Heaney says hard as a knot, it sounds rather short, sugge... ...mongst children, he had a hope in himself that this time it would be different, that this time the berries would not break down, an optimism of a nave and inexperienced child. The final part of the poem, yet perhaps the most appea ling which sums up what happens each year, is how he would always have faith inside himself the next year that they would not rot. There is a rhyme of the last word of the second last stanza,rot, and not. This is the only part of the poem that rhymes, and it is rather smart to end the poem on a rhyming note.In conclusion, Black-berry picking by Seamus Heaney is a fine piece of poetry set alive by metaphors, similes, alliteration, imagery and other literary devices. Heaneys poem seems to be violent and brutal, and has a lesson to be learnt behind the poem, a message deep but not linked with childhood, linked to the struggles of life.

Comparing Synge’s Riders to the Sea and Beckett’s Endgame :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Synges Riders to the Sea and Becketts Endgame1 1 IntroductionRiders to the Sea by prank Millington Synge (1904) and Endgame by Samuel Beckett (1958) show many similarities despite the eventful half a century that passed between their years of publication. The similar elements (the setting, the relation of the characters to the outside world, etc., connect in detail in the next section) seem to create an atmosphere in both works that is fit for the creation of a new mythology.However, by separating the physically present elements from those which are conjured up only by words in the texts (determining the A/B structure of the works), one of theprobablymost authoritative differences can be discovered between the two plays namely, that while in Riders to the Sea, a new myth is actually being created, this act of creation is lacking(p) from Endgamepossibly because newly created myths (and values) are deemed impossible by Beckett in the light of the two World Wars o f the 20th century. During the course of the essay, it will also be suggested that this creation is, in fact, what characters (more specifically, Maurya, Hamm and Clov) are all waiting for and that while the world-view of Synges play reflects, to a certain extent, the views of objective idealism, Beckett not only lowers the level of idealism to the subjective level, denying the existence of a rational, global control, but also goes further to deny the existence of any ordering power in the world at all.1 2 Outside of here its death (Beckett 22475). Environments Fit for MythsIt has been suggested many times (for example, Tokarev 112), that mythology was the main instrument for the so-called archaic cultures to understand the surrounding world. If this is so, then the world, in a pre-mythic or mythless state, must present itself as dangerous and inconceivable, as it actually does in both plays.In both works, the setting is a room Bare interior (22472) in Endgame, and a cottage kitchen (83) in Riders to the Sea, outside which room, in both cases, lies the realm of (literal) death. In Endgame, this is expressed directly, as Hamm declares often Outside of here its death (22475) and Beyond is the other hell (22481), when feeling the wall that separates the two spaces.

Lab Essays -- essays research papers

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASESINTRODUCTIONAccording to the Websters dictionary, a sexually mailted disease, or commonly termed STD, do-nothing be defined as any of various diseases transmitted by direct sexual contacted that include classic venereal diseases (as syphilis, gonorrhea, and chancroid) and other diseases (as hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, giordiasis, and AIDS) that are frequently or sometimes contracted by other sexual means (Internet 3). This lab report will be dealing with three specific typewrites of STDs all(prenominal) from a different origin. Information will be given on each STD with reference to their common/scientific names, life cycle, transmission, and other key concomitantors that make for and maintain the existence of the STD. This report deals with what may be everyday termed diseases however, these STDs affect one in four adolescents before the age of eighteen. Though these STDs are so common and spoken of so often, without early diagnosis and treatment they pose a serious and may be, even a fatal treat to soul who is infected and also their sexual partners or just innocent people who have come into contact with an infected person.Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (herpes simplex 1)The viral disease that will be discussed is the Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). This STD as stated before is a viral disease, of which a virus can be defined as any of various submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals and bacteria that often cause disease and that essentially of a core out of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Unable to replicate without a host cell, viruses are typically not considered living organisms.HSV-1 is usually associated with infections of the lips, mouth, and face. It is especially common in children between the ages of one and three years old and may cause lesions inside the mouth and inflamed gums. It causes frigorific sores or fever blisters and is transmitted by something as simple as oral or respiratory secretio ns (for example, sneezing or coughing can transmit the virus).Most people have in one point of their life been affected with the type 1 virus by the age of 20. In rise to power to oral and genital lesions, the virus can also cause an infection of the eye involving the eyelid, conjunctiva, and cornea. A finger infection called herpectic whitlow affects health care providers because of motion picture to lung and mouth secretions during procedures and young childr... ...course if condoms were not used. Treatment comes in the form of arious antifungal vaginal fungal creams (like clotrimazole and miconazole) which are available over the counter for use in the vagina.ConclusionWe think of these diseases and most of us are in the habit of saying that it will not affect us. This lab report has brought your attention to the fact that not all STDs are contracted through sexual intercourse but rather through the air we breathe if we are in proximity to an infected person. Though the only a lmost full proof method of not contacting any STD would be abstinence, the use of a condom correctly during sexual intercourse is just as effective. Another effective method is to have one sexual partner and know their history before they were with you.SOURCES/REFERENCES1. Bowen, Sylvia Cerel Sexually inherited Diseases and Society. Stanford Univ.Pr., 1989. 2. Mader, Sylvia S., Human Biology. McGraw Hill Publishing, 1998 3. The Miami Herald, November 14th, 19994. Internet 1, March 7, 2000. www.avsc.org/disease/dchl/html5. Internet 2, March 7, 2000. www.yahoo.com/health/diseases6. Internet 3, March 7, 2000. www.webster.com

Cognitive Science and Its Link to Artificial Intelligence Essay

cognitive Science and Its Link to Artificial Intelligence In recent years, researchers in the field of psychology have turned their collective precaution to the developing field of cognition. The term comes from the Latin word cognoscere, meaning to come to know, and today is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary as the act or process of knowing, including both awareness and judgment. Cognitive psychology seeks to identify and examine the elements composing human intelligence. This includes the study of human learning or understanding development, problem solving, memory, the human language, and the processing and comprehension of information. These functions are often taken for granted as part of human existence. Yet, when thoroughly investigated, these inner-workings of the human brain kick downstairs patterns, methods, and, in general, a science behind the rather ethereal term intelligence. For this reason, cognitive psychology is of great interest to researchers in t he field of bathetic intelligence. If intelligence can be identified in human cognition, then there is a valid chance that that same intelligence can be transferred and re-created in a programmed computer. The development of cognitive psychology has lead to related fields of cognitive neurology, or cognitive neuro-psychology, wherein neurologists study the brain biota behind these cognitive human functions. This paper, however, will not discuss that element of cognition because of its complexity and breadth. Instead, language and problem solving will be highlighted and discussed as two important cognitive functions of humans, and will conclude by discussing the connection between the human mind and artificial intelligence. Language... ...re of Cognition. Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press, 1999. 1 Barsalou, Lawrence W. Cognitive Psychology An Overview for Cognitive Scientists. New Jersey London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1992.2 Reisberg, Daniel . Cognition Exploring the Science of the Mind. New York London W. W. Norton & Company, 1997.3 Barsalou, Lawrence W. Cognitive Psychology An Overview for Cognitive Scientists. New Jersey London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1992. 4 Eysenck, Michael W. A vade mecum of Cognitive Psychology. New Jersey London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1984. 5 Johnson-Laird, P.N. The Computer and The Mind. Cambridge, Massachusetts Harvard University Press, 1988.6 Sternberg, Robert J., Editor. The Nature of Cognition. Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press, 1999.

Cognitive Science and Its Link to Artificial Intelligence Essay

cognitive Science and Its Link to Artificial Intelligence In recent years, researchers in the report of psychology have turned their collective attention to the developing field of cognition. The term comes from the Latin word cognoscere, meaning to come to know, and today is specify by the Merriam-Webster dictionary as the act or process of knowing, including both awareness and judgment. Cognitive psychology seeks to identify and examine the elements composing forgiving intelligence. This includes the study of human learning or intellectual development, problem solving, memory, the human lyric, and the processing and comprehension of information. These functions are often taken for granted as discriminate of human existence. Yet, when thoroughly investigated, these inner-workings of the human brain reveal patterns, methods, and, in general, a science behind the rather ethereal term intelligence. For this reason, cognitive psychology is of great interest to researchers in the field of artificial intelligence. If intelligence can be identified in human cognition, then there is a logical chance that that same intelligence can be transferred and re-created in a programmed computer. The development of cognitive psychology has lead to related fields of cognitive neurology, or cognitive neuro-psychology, wherein neurologists study the brain biology behind these cognitive human functions. This paper, however, will not discuss that element of cognition because of its complexity and breadth. Instead, language and problem solving will be highlighted and discussed as two important cognitive functions of humans, and will conclude by discussing the connection between the human heading and artificial intelligence. Language... ...re of Cognition. Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press, 1999. 1 Barsalou, Lawrence W. Cognitive Psychology An Overview for Cognitive Scientists. New Jersey London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1992.2 Reis berg, Daniel. Cognition Exploring the Science of the Mind. New York London W. W. Norton & Company, 1997.3 Barsalou, Lawrence W. Cognitive Psychology An Overview for Cognitive Scientists. New Jersey London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1992. 4 Eysenck, Michael W. A Handbook of Cognitive Psychology. New Jersey London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1984. 5 Johnson-Laird, P.N. The Computer and The Mind. Cambridge, Massachusetts Harvard University Press, 1988.6 Sternberg, Robert J., Editor. The Nature of Cognition. Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press, 1999.

Defenders Of Art And Life Differ On Everything In Between

In Robert Brownings Fra Lippo Lippi, a 15th century painter discusses the illogic of his patrons who want him to paint less of the real solid groundin turn for to a greater extent nipually uplifting scenes. This poem gives Browning a platform to put forward his philosophy on art, which holds check respect for the high and the low alike. Similarly, in Why The Novel Matters, D. H. Lawrence forms a postulation that at that place is more to life than retributory the label of spirit. But he goes further to say that there is a difference between that which is alive, and that which is inanimate.He contends life is more importantand a well-written apologue is the equivalent of life. He puts novels on a pedestal, sequence everything else is lesser than the surviving things. Brownings character Lippi, however, while also detesting the barrier of the word spirit , does not go so far as to say the material mortar of the world is somehow more important than the soul. He merely defends it s equivalence. He does not rely his paintings are more important than living things he believes that they share equal value.Although Lawrence is willing to include the human body in with the word spirithe draws a line at the fingertips, and calls everything else (except for the novel) of lesser substance alternately, Lippi is more large(p) in his involve, for he does not dwell overlong on the delineation between life and immaterial thingsbut just on their symbiosis. Ultimately, Lippi is more humble about his art and life in general.For Lippi, painting for his patrons is only half of a life carousing about town is the other part. This is why he regularly escapes for release from the dogged work. Although the religious service is a career for him, he dismissnot sustain it without proper romps on the town. Therefore, by living in worlds both saintly and debauched, Lippi is able to see through the Priors facade, when he is asked to only paint the spiritnot the body. The Prior says Your phone line is not to catch men with show Your business is to paint the souls of men (Lines 175-184). Lippi, however, would rather include everything in his art, and therefore more accurately reflect the worldand make better use of art. Now is this sense, I ask?(198) Lippi says.Why cant a painter lift each foot in turn, Make his flesh liker and his soul more like You should not apportion a fellow eight years old / And make him swear to never kiss the girls.(224-225). Lippi rails against simplifying existence into a word or an picture The world and lifes too big to pass for a dream The only good of grass is to make chaff(251-257). Lippi cannot settle for a narrow view of the order of thingswhile Lawrence only partly concedes that there is more to spirit than just vapor.Lawrence contests that lifes ether is as vital as the shelland by singling out, labelingor falsely idolizing any one part of its essence, we are hindering ourselves from fully living. For instance, Lawrence rants on the fallacy of labels We think of ourselves as a body with a spirit in it Mens sana in corpore sano. The years drink up the wine, and at last throw the bottle away, the body, of course, being the bottle(2446). Indeed, Lippis dead shell of a horse cavalry is Lawrences empty bottle of spiritsand the two of them seem to agree that definitions of the spirit are just distractions from the truth of existence.Lawrence, however, sets aside one exception, being that the Bible itself, when rake as an entire piece, achieves some spirit similar to that of the humankind The Bible It sets the whole tree trembling with a new access of life, it does not just stimulate growth in one direction(2448). Herein lies one key difference, then, between Lippi and Lawrence, which is that Lawrence makes exception for the novel as being at the order of a living entitywhile Lippi does not go so far as to suggest that art is exclusive from the rest of the lifeless world, although he does believe it is as important as life. After all, Lawrence says the novel can make the whole man alive tremble.Which is more than poetry, philosophy, science, or any other book-tremulation can do(2448). Moreover, while he does not specifically call out painting as one of the lesser tremulations, it seems safe to say this is impliedsince he dismantle excludes poetry from his sacred circle of lifewhich, ironically, is the medium through which Brownings Lippi is experienced. In contrast, Lippi says that lifes everyday details are better, paintedbetter to us Art was given(p) for that(300-304).and again, Lippi does not put art in a higher place lifeonly beside it. He says Do you feel thankful, aye or no, / For this fair towns face, yonder rivers line, Whats it all about? / To be passed over, despised? or dwelt upon(286-291).Of course, Lawrence, does distinguish the particularization of his own body, and how each part is equal to the wholebut nothing beyond himself Why should I cipher that there is a me which is more me than my hand is?(2446). But Lawrences me alive theory excludes the static objects of the order of things as merely propsthat are not to be confused with life or novels.Ultimately, Lippi sees no place for the soul without the bodily elements, and rhetorically argues What need of art at all? A skull and bones, / Two bits of buzz off nailed crosswise(321). Lawrence, however, sees the various mediums of communication as words and thoughts and sighs and aspirations that fly from us, they are so many tremulations in the ether(2447). Lawrence merely concedes that the lifeless elements are tremulations that may reach another man alive and he may receive them into his life, and his life may take on a new color(2447).So, while Lawrence agrees with Lippi that the baser elements are important, he goes on at length to flesh out the reasons why life and the novel are substantially more important every(prenominal) things that are alive are amazing. And all things that are dead are subsidiary to the living(2447). He builds a wall between life and the noveland the rest of existence I, who am man alive, am greater than my soul(2447). In this way then, while Lawrence agrees with Lippi that the parts cannot be distinguished from the whole, without excluding the essencehe differs in that he goes further to impose a privileged position upon the energy of life and novels, whereas Lippi simply thinks that art and the lesser units ought to have equal image in the spotlight life.So Lawrence is circular in his theory, insisting spirit is limiting in its languagewhile touting the transcending power of the novel. Indeed, despite arguing that limitations abound chthonian labels, and that any particular direction ends in a cul-de-sac(2448)Lawrence is still making divisions A character in a novel has got to live, or it is nothing. We likewise, in life have got to live, or we are nothing(2449). Plus, he is proud of his specialness as an artist, in a way that Lip pi is too humble ever to approach Being a novelist, I consider myself superior to the saint, the scientist, the philosopher, and the poet, who are all great masters of different bits of man alive, but never generate the whole hog(2448).Ultimately then, at the root of their respective philosophies on art and life, Lippi is more adverse to divisions of all kinds, not putting himself or his art above the world, put equal to it. One senses that he is not likely anymore proud of himself than the subjects he paints about, while Lawrence is more proud of the novels he writes than the objects described in them.

It’s All About the Law †English Language Learners Essay

Are English language learners a new population? Researchers would like us to believe so but the reality is that they are actually a complex group of students, full of diversity in their educational needs, backgrounds, languages, and goals, who adjudge been approach path to the unify States for years. An English language learner is a person that is from an other(a) culture that has come to the United States to live, learn, become educated and find a career. The United States is known as the melting pot of the world and we will continue to have population of other cultures coming to our country.Most of these immigrants speak different languages. You usher out walk down the street of most U. S cities and hear Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Spanish and other languages. Laws today provide all students in the United States equal nark to a quality education no matter what their culture or background may be. Voter driven initiatives and laws have brought about many changes in educa tion in our schools today in regards to our English language learners and how they are taught and expected to learn. Over the last 40 years we have seen legislative lasts that have shaped education in the United States.In just the last 15 years the states of Arizona, atomic number 20, Colorado, Massach employmenttts and Oregon have debated and asked their voters to make decisions regarding the education of ELLs (Mora, 2009). The states of California (1998), Arizona (2000) and Massachusetts (2002) have actually passed laws for English language learners to be put in programs called Structured English Immersion (SEI). Colorado (2002) and Oregon (2008) rejected initiatives on their ballots. (Mora, 2009). The voters in these states were against the dismissal of bilingual education.So what did these three states do for their ELLs? California was the leader of the pack. Their initiative, led by English for the Children, advocated that English learners be taught all in English. Their op position argued that bilingual children could not learn English as well as other subjects such as Science, Math and Social Studies without the use of bilingual education. The voters of California decided that the English for the Children group was correct in saying that students would learn best by being immersed in English mastery (GCU, n. ) and so SEI (Structured English Immersion) was born. Arizona was next to follow in the path of California but with their initiatives allowed for even less opportunity for bilingual programs. Arizonas English-only initiative, Proposition 203 (2000), arrived in the midst of a lawsuit in Nogales, AZ. The Flores family was suing the state of Arizona for not providing adequate learning opportunities for their children (Flores v. Arizona, 2000). (GCU, n. d). The passing of Proposition 203 and the eventual decision to the Flores v.Arizona case led to Arizona requiring that all current certified personnel had to acquire an SEI endorsement by August 200 9 in order to lionise their certification. Arizona Proposition 203 along with California Proposition 227 restricted the access of bilingual education to language-minority students (Mora, 2002). When Massachusetts followed in 2002, Structured English Immersion was vivacious and well across the country in California and Arizona. The English for Children group had no trouble convincing the voters of Massachusetts to pass their own SEI initiative. GCU, n. d. ) What all of these initiatives and laws did was look at schools to teach their ELL students only in English by following a SEI plan. When the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act came about in 2001 they excessively looked at ELL students and chose to remove the word bilingual from their policies and make schools accountable for showing adequate progress from all of their students in the English language. Have we solved the issues of students from other cultures who are learning English?Have we made teaching ELLs easier for our schoo ls and teachers? These are questions I feel we will be asking for years to come. As people continue to migrate into our country we will focus on educating their children so they can be successful in the United States. As educators we will use all the resources we have to help and guide them in learning the English language. We will strive for them to be successful as dictated by the policies of NCLB. allow we, as educators, be successful? With some students we will, and with others we will not.But this would be the case with any student no matter their culture or background. muniment shows that we will even have American children who will not be successful no matter what we do and others that will rise to the top to be great leaders. Initiatives and laws dont make better teachers, they dont make better students, they dont make better schools but they do establish guidelines so that each child is receiving an equal opportunity. In the United States we will continue to provide all o f our students an equal education.

Dupont Case Study Essay

Tom Harris is the oecumenical Manager of Dupont, which is the major employer in their community. Big changes had taken place when the Orlon plant had closed down, but few changes had taken place. Projects such as getting rid of one operation and installing another was being seen as regular business so there was no change management rubric.GM Harris went to the University of Virginia seeking advice from the academic community to bring some of the latest thinking in business to the Dupont plant. He specifically valued to introduce his managers to new ideas and how to apply those ideas to improving to the plant. He verbalize he was not looking to improve overall organization effectiveness. He stated he was under increasing pressure to do more with less.A general bulletin was sent out to all employees stating the work burnish that would be built. It stated that a representative from University of Virginia would be spending clip at the plant and had been asked to give new perspectiv es on the work being done and the organization as whole. The hope was that it would help develop people and continually improve production. The most important goal was to help the staff appreciate and develop what goes right, assist in building on the strengths and to make the plant work better for everyone. It was also made clear that the representatives presense was not to suggest there was a particular problem, and the pull up stakes is due to the plants desire to continuously improve.Over a six month time period interviews were conducted with workers and managers. Time was spent in the workplace and the representative erudite about the day to day activities at the plant. This produced a description of the shared stock of knowledge that organizational members used to interpret events and generate behavior. What was made unadorned with that process was the local widely used everyday common sense model performance unique to the plant and its atmosphere.A part of the culture that came out of this fact finding was that the local model of teamwork was organized around a southern stock-car racing parable. It was used to explain teamwork and the pattern for accomplishing it. Everyone knew the metaphor, so it was understood.The General Manager and the other managers were surprised to learn of the NASCAR metaphor, but it explained why they had not recognized existing teamwork in the workplace for they had different language used for teamwork. This metaphor gave them a language to introduce change for improvement. It also illuminated of the local meaning of effective supervision, high performance, and what constituted a good day at the plant with making improvements. Managers were instructed to use the findings of the study. It was felt the new understanding could be used to interpret the local meaning of effective work to capitalize on strengths, to expand and develop existing good practices. This would also help to problem solve.It was found too that the findin gs of the study could also be used as a basis for experiements. There existed a Leadership Core Team who were instructed to introduce change as an experiment. It was to be explained that it was to be tried and watched closely, and if after a designated time it was not working as planned, it can be stopped.

Native American Music Essay

Native American music has many different musical styles. Within every Native American tribe on that point is a variety of musical styles and instruments. In response to the research that I have conducted, there are three main musical styles that are going to be my point of focus. The Sioux Grass Dance, the Zuni Lullaby, and the Iroquois Quiver Dance are the principal methods which contribute to Native American music. The Sioux Grass Dance is considered to be the most popular style of Native American Music. As one trip the light fantastics to this music, they follow a pattern known as toe-heel. This consists of the individual placing the left nibble in front of the right and repeating with the an other(a)(prenominal) foot. Each male dancer makes many personal variations of this dance resulting in a solo display. The bard is an elaborate style that correlates with the vocal approach of music. Bells are tied around the legs of the dancers for an added effect. The Zuni Lullaby ill ustrates a contrast with Plains singing to assist in confirming that there is not an individual style to Native American music. Through the Native American styles of music, repetition becomes a prominent feature.This is not because the Native Americans cant find words to fit into the music, but because repetitions with slight variations are often too insignificannot for outside listeners to notice. In the Iroquois Quiver Dance the first thing to latch on the ear is what is often known as a call and response form. One singer announces a phrase of lexical text, known as the call, the other singer answers him in a vocal pattern. This continues throughout the song. In illustrating many of the musical styles among Native American music, this has another name known as the Warriors Stomp Dance. The voices in the Iroquois Quiver Dance are relatively relaxed compared with that of the Plains singing. Instruments utilize to portray these various styles of music were often drums of all shapes and sizes, rattles, and often tambourines or bells with other percussion instruments. The drums were constructed by using such materials as clay, iron, wood or aluminum with heads of buckskin, chamois, or rubber. These drums were typically played with a single drumstick, holding a steady pattern of four beats. Also, in addition to these instruments there were wind instruments.The most common was the vertical flute, whistle, and occasionally panpipes. The flute was most often used to express a love song and never for religious ceremonies. Looking at Native American music, one can conclude that there are three main types of music The Sioux Grass Dance, Iroquois Quiver Dance, and the Zuni Lullaby. Drums and wind instruments are used in portraying the music. The Native Americans dressed accordingly to the music that they dance to. All of these features add to what we have become acquainted with, Native American music.

Personal Nursing Philosophy Essay

We often hear that nurse is an art and a science, and I firmly believe that. The way a nurse blends those aspects of c atomic number 18 defines the nurse. As nurses, our roles in our endurings lives vary depending on their take. We are teachers as well as technical experts, and our ultimate goal is to ensure our patients and families are ready to take over when the patient no longer requires our financial aid. Why I Chose Nursing I have go to bedn that I indigenceed to turn over with children since I was a young child myself. Before the age of ten, I thought I might be a teacher.As I sleep withed maths and science, several of my aunts, nurses themselves, encouraged me to consider nursing. As a sibling of a dis adaptedd child, I was probably exposed to much medical knowledge than average, and I took my first CPR class when I was eight old age old. I liked the nurses and therapists that worked with my sis, but I also had respect for the teachers that worked so tirelessly wi th her. I can pinpoint the moment I decided that nursing was for me, though it was a long time before I could act on that decision. My sister had contracted hepatitis A at school.That lowered her seizure threshold enough that she ended up in the intensive care unit. As it was winter, I was non allowed to visit her. At ten, I didnt understand the concept of RSV restrictions. I only knew that shed been hospitalized many times and Id always been allowed at her bedside. Somehow I interpreted that to mean she must be dying, and no one wanted to tell me. I was in the waiting room impertinent the ICU while my m other(a) was in with my sister, crying my heart out. A nurse walking by stopped to ask me what was wrong, and I spilled out my fears to her.She escorted my into the unit, corpulent me that she was going to find a supervisor to see if she could get permission for me to visit my sister. In the meantime, there was a room where I could wait for her. which moody out to be my sisters room. After failing to get permission for me to visit, the nurse returned to escort me back to the waiting room. Before we left, she took the time to apologise the monitors and what they meant, and went over my sisters plan of care and discharge criteria with me. Hugely reassured, I was content to wait in the waiting room. More than thirty years later, that nurses compassion still sticks with me.The Core of Nursing If compassion is at the heart of nursing, knowledge and skill must be its head and hands. Since the soonest days of nursing, the patients environment has been a consideration in their care. Florence Nightingales theory that hydration, nutrition, rest, and a clean environment were necessary to better (Black, 2007) is a basic principle of nursing today. The world has changed since then, and nursing has changed with it. With every technological advance or new treatment modality, nurses have been called upon to be more than caretakers. It requires skilled hands to provide the treatments our patients need.Throughout a patients stay, principle is a primary responsibility of the nurse. Patients cannot make informed decisions on their care without adequate information. Whether teaching the relatively simple task of taking medications, or the more complex management of a chronic condition, it is a nurses duty to make sure the patient and family are trained and prepared to assume care once the patient goes home. The teaching required necessarily varies from patient to patient, and often from day to day in the same patient as he or she moves on the continuum between health and illness.Finally, patients need to be able to count on nurses to be authorities in their field. Nurses must be accountable for remaining competent in their practice, and for continuing their education throughout their life story (Killeen & Saewert, 2007). Beliefs and Values Patients have needs unrelated to their illness or injury. Having spent my entire career in pediatrics, often my focus is on developmental needs and what activities can be provided that support normal development. Some needs, however, seem to be universal. The need for play, learning, and social contact are not restricted to children.Meeting the emotional and psychosocial needs of the patient without compromising the physical needs demanded by the illness or injury is occasionally a delicate balancing act, and is where the art of nursing meets the science of nursing. By collaborating with our patients and families and respecting their values, a plan can be reached that both supports their needs and involves them in their own care. From a pediatric perspective, the family is an integral part of the health care team. Parents are the primary ally and resource in providing individualized care for their child.Even in adult patients, who they are is impacted by the relationships that they have. Serious or chronic illnesses and injuries affect the entire family. The family, then, becomes the patien t, particularly when it is necessary to make lifestyle changes. I have been fortunate enough to work in a teaching hospital for over a decade, on a unit that has a strong sense of teamwork. I have watched residents grow from unsure medical students to suitable attending physicians, and have been gratified to precept and mentor new nurses into colleagues that can be relied on.Through we have a varied mix of skill levels, values, and talents, as a team we manage to form a cohesive whole. I count on my nurses to provide outstanding care to their patients, to hold themselves and each other accountable for maintaining high standards, and to support each other as needed. I also count on them for holding me accountable when the minutia of providing care for patients or my nurses gets in the way of my seeing the big picture. In my own life, it has taken me a long while to take charge of my health.I am currently operative hard to quit smoking, and have recently lost fifty of the extra sixt y or so pounds Ive been carrying. Like a lot of nurses, I put off preventative care, and wait too long before seeing a physician when I need to. This disconnect between my professed(prenominal) values and my personal behavior baffles me. I cannot expect my patients and families to view me as an authority on health if I am unhealthy. This year has been one of arduous to bring my own lifestyle into line with my beliefs. Vision for the Future In two years, I will have completed my BSN.At that point, I want to take a clinical instructor position while I pursue my MSN. I seem to have come full circle in what I want to be when I grow up, and combining my love of nursing with my love of teaching seems to be the best of both worlds. In cardinal years, I hope to have completed my MSN. By that time I will have been a clinical instructor for long enough to know if I want to translate that to the classroom or perhaps become a nurse educator in an acute setting. I know I love teaching new nur ses in my current setting, however Im unsure of whether I would enjoy teaching in an academic setting.In ten years, my goals are much more nebulous and largely depend on whether I have chosen to move to an academic setting or remain in acute care. In either setting, there are always things to learn and opportunities to explore. Someday, I would like to open a medical surrogate care facility, though I have doubts about that happening in that time frame. Summary The pursuit of my professional goals is a long-term plan. I enjoy learning, have the support of my family, and the path to my goals are clearly defined. I am detail oriented, and hope that will help me to reach my goals.As I conduct on this path, each success will pave the way to the next. Time management is an obstacle in my path, as I am currently functional two jobs and trying to take care of my family while pursuing my degree. I am still learning how to manage all the demands on my time without stretch myself too thin. I n addition, I sometimes get bogged down in the details and lose sight of the big picture, and then tend to procrastinate until I find my way again. Fortunately deadlines are effective in making me take a step back and rethink my approach.

Kill Bill vs Hamlet

Hamlet and Kill government note Revenge is a dish best served cold. The Sicilian proverb used as Kill Bill Vol. 2s tagline everlasting(a)ly localizes out a tragic flaw shared by Shakespeares Hamlet and Quentin Tarentinos modern wedge shape Bill (from Kill Bill Vol. 1 and Kill Bill Vol. 2). In Kill Bill Beatrice is a killer belonging to a team of assassins antecede by a objet dart by the name of Bill. Beatrice and her master fall in crawl in and one night while she is on a job, she discovers she is pregnant.She realizes the area of assassins is no place for a mother and makes the decision to leave the team and leave Bill. When Beatrice does not return to him, Bill searches everywhere for her, not willing to usurp she whitethorn have been killed on the job. He finally finds her only to learn that she is pregnant and about to be married From this, Bill derives his motivation for retaliation. Hamlet seemingly has more of a just cause to act on, where Bill, and really all the c orrupt characters in his world, act based on selfishness.Though However much they may differ, their likeness is shown through choices made when taking their time in exacting revenge, when they let their situations drive them to madness, when they refuse to act without confirmation, and when they let their arrogance and direct for revenge blind them. While similarities between Hamlet and Bills moral standings are little to none, it is the element of revenge that reveals the shared traits that bring these men to their demise.The realization that his lover had not only left him without a single word, but had only months later been knocked up and engaged to wed, sent Bill into a maddened outrage. He confronted Beatrice away(p) of the church where she, her soon to be husband, and all of his family were having a wedding rehersal. He tells Beatrice he just wants to see her happy and that hell let her go. Once Beatrice is back wrong the church Bill s peculiaritys in his team to kill them all. Bill walks in himself and shoots Beatrice in the head.Obviously this cruelty is nothing like the madness Hamlet experienced by and by finding out the truth behind his fathers death. His became more of a depressed mind. He would sulk around day after day saying coarse things to people who tried to comfort him. It seemed that suicide was not far from his notions. Another thing his madness led him to do was to force himself upon the one he thought he loved Ophelia. This flaw in Bill and Hamlets characters affected them in very incompatible ways. However this is not surprising, for they were certainly very different people.The point is, these two men let these unfortunate happenings make them both forget their minds for a time. However rash these two men might be to a glower place the right circumstances, it is more in their nature to procrastinate. It just so happens that even with that direct shot to the head, Beatrice did not die. Bill has one of his assassins sneak into her hospital room, richly prepared to finish the job. However when the assassin informs him of his former lovers condition, he tells her to abort, saying, Yall beat the hell out of that woman, but you didnt kill her.And I put a biff in her head, but her heart just kept on beating. Weve done a lot of things to this lady. And if she ever wakes up, well do a whole lot more. nevertheless one thing we wont do, is sneak into her room in the night like a filthy rat, and kill her in her sleep. And the reason we wont do that thing, is because that thing would lower us. It is safe to say that even with absolutely no regard for human sprightliness, Bill is a man of honor and integrity. Hamlet too decides to spare the life of his victim for the time being.He finds himself alone in a room with his uncle, the prey not privy to the predators presence. However the queer had just prayed for forgiveness of his sins, and Hamlet was unflinching to make him burn in hell. Instead of getting the job done when they had their chance, these men let their i allocates and over-confidence lead to their destruction. Bills virtues would typically make a good man even more righteous, so naturally this quality has a negative effect towards his outcome. Because of his decision, Beatrice is allowed to wake up from her coma to find out that Bill has interpreted her baby.Determined to get her baby back and to get her own revenge, she sets out after Bill. Along the way, one by one, she slays her fellow assassins who have wronged her. All this time Bill has plenty of opportunities to set a trap for her or to simply find her and finish her, but he waits, just as Hamlet waits, wasting his changeless access to his uncle, the King. The last bit of procrastination that only prolongs the lives of the victims, increasing the chance of failure with every permitted breath the last tie between these two tragedies, is the need for confirmation.Rather than acting when they still had the advantage, Bill a nd Hamlet both insist on getting answers. When Beatrice finally makes it to Bills house, he first allows her quality time with her five socio-economic class old daughter, leaving her completely vulnerable. When the girl is asleep and Beatrice leaves the room, he injects her with truth serum and questions her on everything that happened and why, all the while having access to a number of different weapons. It is not until they are both seated across from one another, both with sword in hand, that any attempt is made to kill.This is also a perfect reflection of Bills sense of honor. In Hamlets similar situation based on finding the truth, Hamlet refuses to make a move on the unsuspecting King until he has judged his reaction based on a play put on that closely resembles the murder of Hamlets father. Of course after having seen the play, set up by Hamlet himself, the King sends Hamlet away to his death. In the final moments of both these tragic stories, both Bill and Hamlet meet their end. The outcomes do differ slightly.Hamlet does end up carrying out revenge on his uncle, sending him to the depths of hell, while Bills prey lives on. One thing that makes up for Bills lack of success is that after the lethal policy change had been cast upon him, he seems to realize that he had a choice between dieing and watching the one he loves die. It seemed like more of a success to him that his love got to live, and he got to spend his last moments with her. However, that is not to be taken as acceptance of death (because right up until he was critically wounded, he treasured Beatrice dead) or admittance of wrongdoing.These characters definitely have only themselves to blame for their demise. The traits of these men that led them to make bad decisions are known as their tragic flaws. Nonetheless, these so-called flaws arent necessarily horrible attributes and definitely dont make a person bad or flawed. In fact most human beings display all these qualities in some degree . This is why, no matter what generation, nationality, race, sex, or culture past, present, or future, we will always be able to relate to, and learn a great deal about ourselves from tragedy.

Feasibility Report Essay

The connection leave alone swap custom-made cakes, cupcakes and burnt umber. The revenues from the intrust line leave alone come from the sale of decorated cakes and cupcakes, as well as coffee for customers who visit the shop. The logical argument leave raise revenue from service cake thread and creation of the centerpieces of many an(prenominal) of the most remarkable occasions of the lives of clients. Service revenue provide come from different customized cake designs, decoration and bake creations. The business will use many different designs as discussed by Graham (2007) and Wilson (2011). The study revenue source during the initial year will be service revenue, including drink, cakes, and cupcakes sales. The business includes walk-in service. It will have two ordering delivery channels phone orders and via online ordering. In addition, parking bays will be provided at a fee. The communicate revenue from parking bays will be $75000 per year. The revenue from the sa le of cupcakes, cakes and drinks is projected to be $100000 yearly. The revenue from custom-making service will be $50000 annually. in that respectfore, the total projected revenue will be $225000. Cost DriversThe business will count the be in order to stay in business (Marron, 2014) (Kidder, 2012 ). a) Upfront CostsSince the business is radical, there will be several starting embodys beforeofficial opening. Upfront costs consist of the purchase of furniture and fittings (table, chairs, coffee machines, installation of EFTPOS (electronic currency transfer at point of sale) and computers, cutlery, and front decoration (Ilasco and Seto, 2012 ) (Spencer, 2010). Advertising expenses will consist of the advertising hunt in the initial year. The advertising drive will be geared towards increasing sales to add for the other costs (Marquis, Demand Media, 2014). Materials for shop decoration will be used to attract new customers. The total cost will include the cost of employing an i nterior designer. In addition, the business will consider the bond for the rent. This is because the expense must be paid prior before the business is opened. thither will be other upfront costs that will include the certificates and legislations required for the business opening (Department of Health, 2014). b) obstinate CostsOwing to the scenic area of Melbourne, the high cost of rent must be taken into account. Utilities like lighting, heating, telephone lines, internet router and air conditioning have to be considered before the official opening. The business will choose a cheap electricity supplier. There are many to choose from (Smart Utilities, 2014). For an winsome design of the display in the shop, an interior designer with experience will be sought once per year. The cost associated with this will be recorded as expenses for design. Besides, the parking bays rental will be a yearly fixed cost paid to Melbourne City Council (Hamer, Currie and Young , 2011). The parking bays will be provided to step-up revenue. The business will take legislations into consideration, because set annual fees will have to be paid to the germane(predicate) bodies to ensure business continuation. c) Variable CostsThese are the expenses that will change with the output of the business. The main covariant cost in the cake and cupcake shop is raw materials used in the production of cupcakes, coffee and cakes such as lollies, vegetables, fruits, flour, milk, coffee beans and chocolate (Leach and Melicher, 2014). The cost of vegetables and fruits will change depending on seasonal and weather changes. There will be other variable costs like package expenses boxes, bags, lag wages and utilities. The workers in the shop will include1 baker1 decoratorJunior casual staffWages will be paid fortnightly. Additionally, the business will offer staff uniforms and training opportunities.There will be allowance of discount expenses owing to the high-inventory turnover and the need t o supply fresh products. On special occasions, the business may have deals or offers that will reduce the unit profit. There will be other expenses like machinery maintenance, new fittings and insurance. These will be required as the business grows. choice Requirements/MappingHuman resourceIt will be very easy to get the key employees as it will only involve placing adverts on the street notice boards. There will be an added cost of interviews, as well as paying the Melbourne City Council (City of Melbourne, 2014).Physical ResourceProperty for lease is available in the area identified. Due to the scenery of the area, the cost of lease is high. However, the expected returns are high. The business expound will be gotten under a one-year lease. This will save the cost that may be incurred in paying monthly costs. Similarly, it will avoid the costs associated with monthly rent increases. Financial ResourceThe total startup cost is $130000. The business will raise $30000 and $100000 will be obtained from the bank as loan. Costs for maintenance will be catered for by the revenue from the business. Investment SizeThe business plans to raise $130000 to meet its startup cost. The funds will be used for Developing the companys cupcake and cakes store locationFinancing for the first year of operationCapital to buy baking equipment and ovensThe company will contribute $30000 to the venture. The remaining $100000 will be financed by the bank as loan. intercommunicate startup CostsInitial Lease Payments and Deposits$20000Working Capital$60000Security Deposits$20000Opening Supplies$10000 family Vehicle and Lease Deposits$2000Marketing Budget$10000Miscellaneous and Unforeseen Costs$8000Total skip overup Costs$130000ReferencesAaron Marquis, Demand Media , 2014. The Average Profit Margin for a Cake bakery. Online Available at http//smallbusiness.chron.com/average-profit-margin-cake-bakery-14214.html Accessed 11 05 2014.Department of Health, V. A., 2014. Starting a food b usiness. Online Available at http//www.health.vic.gov.au/foodsafety/bus/foodbus.htm Accessed 11 05 2014.Graham, J., 2007. The Crabapple Bakery Cupcake Cookbook. Print ed. London Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated. J. Leach, Ronald Melicher, 2014 . Entrepreneurial Finance. 5 ed. Stamford Cengage Learning. Kidder, D., 2012 . The Startup Playbook Secrets of the Fastest-Growing Startups from Their Founding Entrepreneurs. Illustrated ed. San Francisco Chronicle Books. Marron, D., 2014. Cupcake Economics. OnlineAvailable at http//dmarron.com/2009/11/28/cupcake-economics/ Accessed 11 05 2014.Meg Mateo Ilasco, Catherine Seto, 2012 . Mom, Inc. The Essential pass off to Running a Successful stage business Close to Home. Illustrated ed. San Francisco Chronicle Books. Melbourne, C. o., 2014. Rates and valuations. OnlineAvailable at https//www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/buildingandplanning/ratesandvaluations/Pages/RatesandValuations.aspx Accessed 11 05 2014.Paul Hamer, Graham Currie, William Young , 2011. park Price Policies A review of the Melbourne congestion levy. Australasian Transport Research Forum 2011 Proceedings , 1(1), pp. 1-16. Spencer, P., 2010 . Start a Cupcake Business Today. London InformationTree Press. StartupBizHub, 2014. Starting a Cake Business. OnlineAvailable at http//www.startupbizhub.com/starting-a-cake-business.htm Accessed 11 05 2014.Utilities, S., 2014. oppose Electricity Rates in Victoria. Online Available at http//www.smartutilities.com.au/electricity-comparison-victoria/ Accessed 11 05 2014.Wilson, D., 2011 . Bakers Field Guide to Cupcakes. Unabridged, reprint ed. New York City Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Minority Group and Multiculturalism Essay

This research was commissi nonpareild by the Transatlantic Council on Migration, an orifice of the Migration Policy Institute (MPI), for its s blushth plenary meeting, held November 2011 in Berlin. The meetings theme was field of study Identity, immigration, and neighborly Cohesion (Re)building Community in an Ever-Globalizing World and this publisher was one of the reports that in craped the Councils discussions. The Council, an MPI initiative undertaken in cooperation with its policy break dancener the Bertelsmann Stiftung, is a comical deliberative body that examinesvital policy issues and in cultivates migration policy fashioning processes in North America and Europe. The Councils work is generously supported by the following foundations and goernments Carnegie Corporation of naked York, Open Society Foundations, Bertelsmann Stiftung, the Barrow Cadbury Trust (UK Policy Partner), the Luso-Ameri hobo Development Foundation, the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, and the gove rnments of Germ wholly, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. For to a greater extent on the Transatlantic Council on Migration, please visit www. migrationpolicy. org/transatlantic. 2012 Migration Policy Institute.All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Migration Policy Institute. A full-text PDF of this document is available for free transfer from www. migrationpolicy. org. Permission for reproducing excerpts from this report should be directed to Permissions Department, Migration Policy Institute, 1400 16th Street, NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20036, or by contacting communicationsmigrationpolicy.org. Suggested citation Kymlicka, Will. 2012. Multi ethnicism Success, Failure, and the prox. Washington, DC Migration Policy Institute. Table of Contents Executive Summary. 1 I. inlet.. 2 Th e Rise and F all(prenominal)(prenominal) of Multi culturalism.3 . II. What Is Multiculturalism?.. 4 A. Mis top offing Model. 4 . B. Multiculturalism in mount 5 . C. The Evolution of Multiculturalism Policies.. 7 III.Multiculturalism in Practice. 10 A. The Canadian Success Story 10 B. The European Experience. 13 . IV. The Retreat from Multiculturalism.. 14 A. Rhetoric versus Reality ..14 B. Proliferation of Civic integrating Policies. 15 . V. ConclusionThe Future of Multicultural Citizenship. 21 Appendices 26 Works Cited28 About the rootage.. 32 MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE Executive Summary Ideas nearly the legal and semipolitical accommodation of cultural potpourri commonly termed multiculturalism emerged in the West as a vehicle for replacing older forms of pagan and racial hierarchy with peeled relations of participatory citizenship. Despite substantial evidence that these policies atomic number 18 making progress toward that goal, a chorus of political leaders has de cl bed them a failure and heralded the ending of multiculturalism.This popular cover narrative is problematic because it mischaracterizes the spirit of the experiments in multiculturalism that sacrifice been undertaken, exaggerates the extent to which they swallow been abandoned, and misidentifies non only the accredited difficulties and limitations they feel encountered precisely the options for mouthing these problems. Talk about the retreat from multiculturalism has obscured the fact that a form of multicultural integration remains a live option for westbound democracies. This report challenges four goodish myths about multiculturalism. First, it dis redactes the caricature of multiculturalism as the uncritical celebration of diversity at the expense of shout outing grave social problems such as unemployment and social isolation. Instead it offers an account of multiculturalism as the pursuit of new relations of democratic citizenship, inspired and constrained by hu man-rights ideals. Second, it contests the idea that multiculturalism has been in wholesale retreat, and offers instead evidence that multiculturalism policies (MCPs) rich person persisted, and have even gr own stronger, over the past ten years. Third, it challenges the idea that multiculturalism has failed, and offers instead evidence that MCPs have had tyrannical effects. Fourth, it disputes the idea that the spread of civic integration policies has displaced multiculturalism or rendered it obsolete. The report instead offers evidence that MCPs are full consistent with certain forms of civic integration policies, and that indeed the combination of multiculturalism with an enabling form of civic integration is both normatively desirable and empirically effective in at least some cases. To help address these issues, this paper draws upon the Multiculturalism Policy Index.This world power 1) identifies eight concrete policy areas where liberal-democratic states faced with a cho ice unyielding to develop more multicultural forms of citizenship in relation to immigrant conventions and 2) measures the extent to which countries have espoused some or all of these policies over time. While there have been some high-profile cases of retreat from MCPs, such as the Netherlands, the general number from 1980 to 2010 has been one of modest strengthening. Ironically, some countries that have been vociferous about multiculturalisms failure (e. g. , Ger legion(predicate)) have not actually near an active multicultural strategy.Talk about the retreat from multiculturalism has obscured the fact that a form of multicultural integration remains a live option for Western democracies. However, not all attempts to see new models of multicultural citizenship have taken root or succeeded in achieving their intended effects. There are several factors that puke either facilitate or impede the successful implementation of multiculturalism Multiculturalism Success, Failure, an d the Future 1 MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE Desecuritization of ethnic relations. Multiculturalism works best if relations surrounded by thestate and minorities are seen as an issue of social policy, not as an issue of state security system. If the state perceives immigrants to be a security threat (such as Arabs and Muslims after 9/11), support for multiculturalism will drop and the space for minorities to even section multicultural claims will diminish. Human rights. Support for multiculturalism rests on the assumption that there is a shared committedness to human rights across ethnic and religious lines. If states perceive certain groups as unable or opposed to see human-rights norms, they are unlikely to accord them multicultural rights or resources.Much of the backlash against multiculturalism is fundamentally operate by anxieties about Muslims, in particular, and their perceived unwillingness to embrace liberal-democratic norms. Border control. Multiculturalism is more controversial when citizens consternation they lack control over their borders for instance when countries are faced with large numbers (or unexpected surges) of wildcat immigrants or asylum seekers than when citizens feel the borders are secure. Diversity of immigrant groups. Multiculturalism works best when it is genuinelymulticultural that is, when immigrants be from many source countries rather than coming overwhelmingly from just one (which is more likely to lead to polarized relations with the majority). Economic contributions. Support for multiculturalism depends on the perception that immigrants are holding up their end of the agreement and making a good-faith effort to contribute to society particularly economically. When these facilitating conditions are present, multiculturalism can be seen as a low- take a chance option, and indeed seems to have worked well in such cases.Multiculturalism tends to lose support in wondering(a) situations where immigrants are se en as predominantly illegal, as potential carriers of illiberal practices or movements, or as net burdens on the welfare state. However, one could argue that rejecting immigrant multiculturalism under these circumstances is in fact the higher-risk move. It is precisely when immigrants are perceived as illegitimate, illiberal, and burdensome that multiculturalism may be most involveed. I. Introduction Ideas about the legal and political accommodation of ethnic diversity have been in a state of flux around the gentlemans gentleman for the past 40 years.One hears much about the rise and belittle of multiculturalism. Indeed, this has become a mixture of insure narrative, widely invoked by scholars, journalists, and policy guessrs alike to explain the evolution of contemporary debates about diversity. Although people dissent about what comes after multiculturalism, there is a surprising consensus that we are in a post-multicultural era. This report contends that this master narra tive obscures as much as it reveals, and that we need an alternative framework for thinking about the choices we face.Multiculturalisms successes and failures, as well as its level of public acceptance, have depended on the nature of the issues at place and the countries involved, and we need to understand these variations if we are to identify a more sustainable model for accommodating diversity. This paper will argue that the master narrative 1) mischaracterizes the nature of the experiments in multiculturalism that have been undertaken, 2) exaggerates the extent to which they have been abandoned, and 3) misidentifies the genuine difficulties and limitations they have encountered and the options for addressing these problems.2 Multiculturalism Success, Failure, and the Future MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE Before we can decide whether to celebrate or lament the fall of multiculturalism, we need first to make sure we know what multiculturalism has meant both in speculation and in pra ctice, where it has succeeded or failed to meet its objectives, and under what conditions it is likely to thrive in the future. The Rise and Fall of Multiculturalism The master narrative of the rise and fall of multiculturalism helpfully captures important features of our current debates.Yet in some see it is misleading, and may obscure the palpable challenges and opportunities we face. In its simplest form, the master narrative goes like this1 Since the mid-1990s we have seen a backlash and retreat from multiculturalism. From the 1970s to mid-1990s, there was a clear trend across Western democracies toward the change magnitude recognition and accommodation of diversity through a range of multiculturalism policies (MCPs) and minority rights.These policies were endorsed both at the internal level in some states and by inter field of study organizations, and involved a rejection of earlier ideas of unitary and resembling nationhood. Since the mid-1990s, however, we have seen a backlash and retreat from multiculturalism, and a reassertion of ideas of nation building, common values and identity, and unitary citizenship even a call for the return of assimilation. This retreat is partly driven by fears among the majority group that the accommodation of diversity has gone too far and is threatening their way of life.This fear frequently expresses itself in the rise of nativist and populist right-wing political movements, such as the Danish Peoples Party, defending old ideas of Denmark for the Danish. But the retreat also reflects a belief among the center-left that multiculturalism has failed to help the intended beneficiaries namely, minorities themselves because it has failed to address the underlying sources of their social, economic, and political censure and may have unintentionally contributed to their social isolation.As a result, even the center-left political movements that initially championed multiculturalism, such as the social democratic par ties in Europe, have backed 1 For influential academic statements of this rise and fall narrative, claiming that it applies across the Western democracies, see Rogers Brubaker, The Return of Assimilation? social and Racial Studies 24, no. 4 (2001) 53148 and Christian Joppke, The Retreat of Multiculturalism in the Liberal State possibleness and Policy, British Journal of Sociology 55, no. 2 (2004) 23757.There are also many accounts of the decline, retreat, or crisis of multiculturalism in particular countries. For the Netherlands, see Han Entzinger, The Rise and Fall of Multiculturalism in the Netherlands, in Toward Assimilation and Citizenship Immigrants in Liberal area-States, eds. Christian Joppke and Ewa Morawska (London Palgrave, 2003) and Ruud Koopmans, Trade-Offs between Equality and Difference The Crisis of Dutch Multiculturalism in Cross-National Perspective (Brief, Danish Institute for International Studies, Copenhagen, declination 2006).For Britain, see Randall Hansen , Diversity, Integration and the Turn from Multiculturalism in the United Kingdom, in Belonging? Diversity, Recognition and Shared Citizenship in Canada, eds. Keith G. Banting, Thomas J. Courchene, and F. Leslie Seidle (Mont tangible Institute for Research on Public Policy, 2007) Les Back, Michael Keith, Azra Khan, Kalbir Shukra, and John Solomos, pertly Labours clean-living Heart Politics, Multiculturalism and the Return of Assimilation, Political Quarterly 73, No. 4 (2002) 44554 Steven Vertovec, Towards post-multiculturalism?Changing communities, conditions and contexts of diversity, International Social Science Journal 61 (2010) 8395. For Australia, see Ien Ang and John Stratton, Multiculturalism in Crisis The New Politics of washout and National Identity in Australia, in On Not Speaking Chinese Living between Asia and the West, ed. I. Ang (London Routledge, 2001). For Canada, see Lloyd Wong, Joseph Garcea, and Anna Kirova, An Analysis of the Anti- and Post-Multiculturalism Di scourses The Fragmentation Position (Alberta Prairie Centre for Excellence in Research on Immigration and Integration, 2005), http//pmc.metropolis. net/Virtual%20Library/FinalReports/Post-multi%20FINAL%20REPORT%20for%20PCERII%20_2_. pdf. For a good overview of the backlash discourse in various countries, see Steven Vertovec and Susan Wessendorf, eds. , The Multiculturalism ricochet European Discourses, Policies and Practices (London Routledge, 2010). Multiculturalism Success, Failure, and the Future 3 MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE away from it and shifted to a discourse that emphasizes civic integration, social cohesion, common values, and shared citizenship.2 The social-democratic discourse of civic integration differs from the radical-right discourse in emphasizing the need to develop a more comprehensive national identity and to fight racism and discrimination, but it til now distances itself from the rhetoric and policies of multiculturalism. The term postmulticulturalism has of ten been invoked to signal this new approach, which seeks to overcome the limits of a naive or direct multiculturalism while avoiding the oppressive reassertion of homogenizing nationalist ideologies.3 II. What Is Multiculturalism? A. Misleading Model In much of the post-multiculturalist literature, multiculturalism is characterized as a feel-good celebration of ethnocultural diversity, encouraging citizens to acknowledge and embrace the panoply of customs, traditions, music, and culinary art that exist in a social society. Yasmin Alibhai-Brown calls this the 3S model of multiculturalism in Britain saris, samosas, and steeldrums. 4Multiculturalism takes these familiar cultural markers of ethnic groups clothing, cuisine, and music and treats them as authentic practices to be preserved by their members and safely consumed by others. Under the banner of multiculturalism they are taught in school, performed in festivals, displayed in media and museums, and so on. This celebratory model of multiculturalism has been the focus of many critiques, including the following It ignores issues of economic and political inequality.Even if all Britons come to enjoy Jamaican steeldrum music or Indian samosas, this would do nothing to address the real problems facing Caribbean and South Asian communities in Britain problems of unemployment, poor educational outcomes, residential segregation, poor English verbiage skills, and political marginalization. These economic and political issues cannot be solved simply by celebrating cultural differences. Even with respect to the (legitimate) goal of promoting greater understanding of culturaldifferences, the focus on celebrating authentic cultural practices that are unique to each group is potentially dangerous. First, not all customs that may be traditionally practiced within a particular group are worthy of cosmos celebrated, or even of being legally tolerated, such as forced marriage. To avoid stirring up controversy, the res a tendency to choose as the focus of multicultural celebrations safely inoffensive practices such as cuisine or music that can be enjoyably consumed by members of the bigger society. But this runs the opposite risk 2For an overview of the attitudes of European social democratic parties to these issues, see Rene Cuperus, Karl Duffek, and Johannes Kandel, eds. , The Challenge of Diversity European Social state Facing Migration, Integration and Multiculturalism (Innsbruck Studien Verlag, 2003). For references to post-multiculturalism by progressive intellectuals, who distinguish it from the radical rights antimulticulturalism, see, regarding the United Kingdom, Yasmin Alibhai-Brown, deeplyr on Multiculturalism (London Foreign Policy Centre, 2000), and Beyond Multiculturalism, Canadian Diversity/Diversite Canadienne 3, no.2 (2004) 514 regarding Australia, crowd Jupp, From White Australia to Woomera The Story of Australian Immigration, 2nd edition (Cambridge Cambridge Universit y Press, 2007) and regarding the United States, Desmond King, The Liberty of Strangers Making the American Nation (Oxford Oxford University Press, 2004), and David A. Hollinger, Post-ethnic America Beyond Multiculturalism, revised edition (New York Basic Books, 2006).Alibhai-Brown, After Multiculturalism. 3 4 4 Multiculturalism Success, Failure, and the Future MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE of the trivialization or Disneyfication of cultural differences,5 ignoring the real challenges that differences in cultural and religious values can raise. Third, the 3S model of multiculturalism can encourage a conception of groups as hermetically sealed and static, each reproducing its own distinct practices.Multiculturalism may be intended to encourage people to share their customs, but the assumption that each group has its own distinctive customs ignores processes of cultural adaptation, mixing, and melange, as well as emerging cultural commonalities, thereby potentially reinforcing perceptions of minorities as eternally other. This in turn can lead to the strengthening of hurt and stereotyping, and more generally to the polarization of ethnic relations. Fourth, this model can end up reinforcing power inequalities and cultural restrictions withinminority groups. In deciding which traditions are authentic, and how to interpret and display them, the state generally consults the traditional elites within the group typically older males while ignoring the way these traditional practices (and traditional elites) are often challenged by internal reformers, who have different views about how, say, a good Muslim should act. It can thus imprison people in cultural scripts that they are not allowed to question or dispute.According to post-multiculturalists, the suppuration recognition of these flaws underlies the retreat from multiculturalism and signals the search for new models of citizenship that emphasize 1) political participation and economic opportunities over the sym bolical politics of cultural recognition, 2) human rights and individual freedom over respect for cultural traditions, 3) the building of inclusive national identities over the recognition of ancestral cultural identities, and 4) cultural change and cultural mixing over the reification of static cultural differences.This narrative about the rise and fall of 3S multiculturalism will no surmise be familiar to many readers. In my view, however, it is inaccurate. Not only is it a caricature of the reality of multiculturalism as it has developed over the past 40 years in the Western democracies, but it is a bewitchery from the real issues that we need to face.The 3S model captures something important about natural human tendencies to simplify ethnic differences, and about the logic of global capitalism to sell cosmopolitan cultural products, but it does not capture the nature of post-mid-sixties government MCPs, which have had more complex diachronical sources and political goals. B. Multiculturalism in Context It is important to put multiculturalism in its historical context. In one sense, it is as old as humanity different cultures have always found ways of coexisting, and respect for diversity was a familiar feature of many historic empires, such as the Ottoman Empire.But the sort of multiculturalism that is said to have had a rise and fall is a more specific historic phenomenon, emerging first in the Western democracies in the late sixties. This timing is important, for it helps us situate multiculturalism in relation to larger social transformations of the postwar era. More specifically, multiculturalism is part of a larger human-rights revolution involving ethnic and racial diversity.Prior to World contend II, ethnocultural and religious diversity in the West was characterized by a range of illiberal and undemocratic relationships of hierarchy,6 justified by racist ideologies that explicitly propounded the superiority of some peoples and cultures and t heir right to rule over others. These ideologies were widely accepted throughout the Western world and underpinned both domestic laws (e. g. , racially biased immigration and citizenship policies) and foreign policies (e. g. , in relation to abroad colonies). 5 6 Neil Bissoondath, Selling Illusions The Cult of Multiculturalism in Canada(Toronto Penguin, 1994). Including relations of conqueror and conquered, colonizer and colonized, master and slave, colonist and indigenous, racialized and unmarked, normalized and deviant, orthodox and heretic, civilized and primitive, and ally and enemy. Multiculturalism Success, Failure, and the Future 5 MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE After World War II, however, the world recoiled against Hitlers fanatical and murderous use of such ideologies, and the United Nations decisively repudiated them in opt of a new ideology of the equality of races and peoples.And this new assumption of human equality generated a serial publication of political movements designed to contest the lingering presence or enduring effects of older hierarchies. We can distinguish three waves of such movements 1) the struggle for decolonization, concentrated in the period 194865 2) the struggle against racial segregation and discrimination, initiated and exemplified by the AfricanAmerican civil-rights movement from 1955 to 1965 and 3) the struggle for multiculturalism and minority rights, which emerged in the late 1960s.Multiculturalism is part of a larger human-rights revolution involving ethnic and racial diversity. Each of these movements draws upon the human-rights revolution, and its foundational ideology of the equality of races and peoples, to challenge the legacies of earlier ethnic and racial hierarchies. Indeed, the human-rights revolution plays a double role here, not just as the inspiration for a struggle, but also as a constraint on the permissible goals and means of that struggle.Insofar as historically excluded or stigmatized groups struggle against earlier hierarchies in the name of equality, they too have to renounce their own traditions of exclusion or oppression in the treatment of, say, women, gays, people of mixed race, religious dissenters, and so on. Human rights, and liberal-democratic constitutionalism more generally, provide the overarching framework within which these struggles are debated and addressed.Each of these movements, therefore, can be seen as contributing to a process of democratic citizenization that is, turning the earlier catalog of hierarchical relations into relationships of liberaldemocratic citizenship. This entails transforming both the vertical relationships between minorities and the state and the horizontal relationships among the members of different groups. In the past, it was often assumed that the only way to engage in this process of citizenization was to impose a single undifferentiated model of citizenship on all individuals.But the ideas and policies of multiculturalism that em erged from the 1960s push through from the assumption that this complex history inevitably and appropriately generates group-differentiated ethnopolitical claims. The key to citizenization is not to suppress these derived function claims but to filter them through and frame them within the language of human rights, civil liberties, and democratic accountability. And this is what multiculturalist movements have aimed to do.The precise character of the resulting multicultural reforms varies from group to group, as befits the distinctive history that each has faced. They all start from the antidiscrimination principle that underpinned the second wave but go beyond it to challenge other forms of exclusion or stigmatization. In most Western countries, explicit state-sponsored discrimination against ethnic, racial, or religious minorities had largely ceased by the 1960s and 1970s, under the influence of the second wave of humanrights struggles.Yet ethnic and racial hierarchies persist i n many societies, whether measured in terms of economic inequalities, political underrepresentation, social stigmatization, or cultural invisibility. Various forms of multiculturalism have been developed to help overcome these lingering inequalities. The focus in this report is on multiculturalism as it pertains to (permanently settled) immigrant groups,7 7 There was briefly in some European countries a form of multiculturalism that was not aimed at the cellular inclusion of permanent immigrants, but rather at ensuring that temporary migrants would return to their country of origin.For example, mothertongue education in Germany was not initially introduced as a minority right but in order to enable thickening worker children to reintegrate in their countries of origin (Karen Schonwalder, Germany Integration Policy and Pluralism in a Self-Conscious soil of Immigration, in The Multiculturalism Backlash European Discourses, Policies and Practices, eds. Steven Vertovec and Susanne We ssendorf London Routledge, 2010, 160).Needless to say, this sort of returnist multiculturalism premised on the idea that migrants are foreigners who should return to their real home has nothing to do with multiculturalism policies (MCPs) premised on the idea that immigrants belong in their host countries, and which aim to make immigrants 6 Multiculturalism Success, Failure, and the Future MIGRATION POLICY INSTITUTE but it is worth noting that struggles for multicultural citizenship have also emerged in relation to historic minorities and indigenous peoples. 8 C. The Evolution of Multiculturalism PoliciesThe case of immigrant multiculturalism is just one aspect of a larger ethnic revival across the Western democracies,9 in which different types of minorities have struggled for new forms of multicultural citizenship that combine both antidiscrimination measures and positive forms of recognition and accommodation. Multicultural citizenship for immigrant groups clearly does not involv e the same types of claims as for indigenous peoples or national minorities immigrant groups do not typically seek land rights, territorial autonomy, or official language status.What then is the substance of multicultural citizenship in relation to immigrant groups? The Multiculturalism Policy Index is one attempt to measure the evolution of MCPs in a standardized format that enables comparative research. 10 The index takes the following eight policies as the most common or emblematic forms of immigrant MCPs11 Constitutional, legislative, or parliamentary affirmation of multiculturalism, at the central and/ or regional and municipal levels The adoption of multiculturalism in school curricula The inclusion of ethnic representation/sensitivity in the mandate of public media or media licensing Exemptions from dress codes, either by statute or by court cases Allowing of dual citizenship The funding of ethnic group organizations to support cultural activities The funding of bilingu al education or mother-tongue instruction Affirmative action for disadvantaged immigrant groups12 feel more at home where they are.The focus of this paper is on the latter type of multiculturalism, which is centrally concerned with constructing new relations of citizenship. 8 In relation to indigenous peoples, for example such as the Maori in New Zealand, Aboriginal peoples in Canada and Australia, American Indians, the Sami in Scandinavia, and the Inuit of Greenland new models of multicultural citizenship have emerged since the late 1960s that hold policies such as land rights, self-government rights, recognition of customary laws, and guarantees of political consultation.And in relation to substate national groups such as the Basques and Catalans in Spain, Flemish and Walloons in Belgium, Scots and Welsh in Britain, Quebecois in Canada, Germans in South Tyrol, Swedish in Finland we see new models of multicultural citizenship that include policies such as federal or quasi-fed eral territorial autonomy official language status, either in the region or nationally and guarantees of representation in the central government or on constitutional courts. 9 Anthony Smith, The social Revival in the Modern World (Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1981).10 Keith Banting and I developed this index, first publish in Keith Banting and Will Kymlicka, eds. , Multiculturalism and the Welfare State Recognition and Redistribution in Contemporary Democracies (Oxford Oxford University Press, 2006). Many of the ideas discussed in this paper are the result of our collaboration. 11 As with all cross-national indices, there is a trade-off between standardization and sensitivity to local nuances. There is no universally accepted definition of multiculturalism policies and no unspoken and fast line that would sharply distinguish MCPs from closely related policy fields, such as antidis

Logistics and Project Planning Essay

The mission of elc was to provide consumers with regain to the profit at the lowest live. Despite the excellent support and recognition from the public, elc was experiencing adversity of keeping their art profitable after the Internet Investment bubble burst. The original concept of owning m whatever of the large complete cafes with 250-500 PC terminals at each cafe was not working well. elc belowtook a dramatic restructuring of the company by downsizing the cafes.Many of the large, original stand-alone elc stores allow be run by franchisees. These franchised stores will give out smaller stores which have 20 to 30 PCs terminals at each cafe and with no staff necessitate except for regular maintenance. Less involvement with store operations allows elc to concentrate on activities of their core competence and outsource all the non-core activities. Their core competence was to continue building their easy brand and applying the stomach perplexity model to the Internet cafe bu siness. Their business goal was to open 4 new franchises per week all over the next 3 years.In order to achieve the goal of growing their franchised Internet cafes business, an efficient, flexible and efficient logistics organization is what they need for the provision of equipment to the franchisee. Since logistics is one of the non-core activities that is perceived as a bottleneck for scalability, the present logistics system of elc will be reviewed and findings of whether to outsource the logistics system will be presented to the management team. Background of easyGroup Stelios Haji-loannou, the founder of easyGroup, is the illustrious Greek entrepreneur who utilized his family money to launch a serial of ventures.His first venture, Stelmar Tankers was found in 1992. The company very soon went into the public sector and was listed on New York Stock Exchange. In 1995, he found easyJet. easyJet was a no-frills, low cost airline company and later grew to become the largest no-fri ll airline in Europe and was listed on the London stock exchange in 2000. Building on the success of easyJet and to glide by the easy brand further, he formed the holding company easyGroup in 1998. easyInternetcafe was his first venture under the umbrella of the easyGroup.Other companies in the group included easyJet, easyCar, easyCinema, easy. com, easyMoney and easyValue, easyBus, easyPizza, easyCruise, and easyDorm. Low price and no-frill is the key elements of the easy brand. bribe Management Model Stelios is an enthusiast of Yield Management Model and he applies the model to his business. According to Wikipedia, accept management is the process of understanding, anticipating and influencing consumer behavior in order to maximize revenue or profits from a fixed, perishable resource (such as airline seats or hotel room stockpiles).Stelios believes that lowering the price will increase the demands of the customers significantly. By locating all the large internet cafes in high traffic areas, elc aimed to tempt the maximum revenue by providing internet services with a variety of price points at different points in period (peak hours or off peak hours). The price for Internet access varies based on demand, raising the price in dollar per hour in mid-afternoon, when stores are nearly full. That gives bargain hunters an bonus to visit in the non-peak hours, when price is dropping.The model is well suited for business with high fixed cost and perishable supply. The large numbers of computer equipments inside the Internet cafes are capital intensive for elc. The annul seats inside the cafe in a certain time period cannot generate any revenue and thus can be said to have perished. elc uses one of their capital proprietary products, CVM, to superintend how seats are occupied and react accordingly, for example by adjusting the price to offer discounts when it appears that large touchstone of seats are remaining empty.However, this model is not working for el c as it does for airline and hotel industries. The customers willingness to pay for use the internet access at theses internet cafe is impulsive and their demands are not easy to predict. The yield management model works well for airlines and hotels mainly because their customers usually plan ahead of time on their journey. Therefore, airlines and hotels are more likely to predict their customer demands and adjust the prices accordingly. They still have time to sop up customers by offering last minute deals.But for internet cafes, customers do not make reservation for their usage of Internet in advance. Customer demands are thus very hard to predict. Even though the CVM can adjust the pricing based on the vacancy of the cafe, it is difficult to attract enough customers in a short period of time to fill up the empty usage of the internet access. Since Internet was still a new technology at that time, Internet access was not yet considered to be an essential product. Customers were likely to learn when to visit the cafes so that they can pay less compared to other time period.

Bliss †Katherine Mansfield Essay

Bertha Young felt the cloud nine in her soul, family, and everything that surrounded her. There were sunny daytimes, happy faces, smiles everywhere and it was this purity that let the bliss go around her, fulfilling her house and her anima day and night. Berthas mirror reflected only the image of innocence and blind gratification Thirty years facing this world, Bertha and reality were two strangers who lived unitedly never realizing it. Sometimes the innocence or purity may only correspond to one aspect of a characters reputation or background, but not in Berthas case.She is oblivious to the mysterious reaction of her new go around patron, to the reasons wherefore her husband, Harry, did not like her friend, and also to this sudden recognition of the bliss in her family Oh Nanny, do let me finish giving her supper spot you put the bath things a stylus. Well, Mm, she oughtnt to be changed hands while shes eating.-said Nanny (Mansfield 201). The character is so incredibly ha ppy without knowing why, not asking questions active the nannys possessive nature with her child, or why her animation seems so simple. It is in the way she looks at the fruit on the table, matching the carpet so well that her heart is filled with anomalous joy. Im too happy too happy (Mansfield 203).It is almost sad the way the charr never questioned her fate, just accepted it and rushed headlong into the worst possible scenario of her life- namely her husband in the arms of another cleaning woman. Her entire house of cards falls. The woman, mostly alone with her thoughts and deeds eventually comes to the realization that every preconceived notion she had about her life is in direct conflict with the truth and everything she held lamb is worthless.This foundation on which she had built her life is now shattered, irretrievable, and it will force the woman to ask why she had never wondered about her life. Harry and she were as much in love as ever, and they got on together spl endidly and were really good pals (Mansfield 203). It is obvious that her innocence prevented her from realizing her husbands true feelings He attached adultery in a very cruel way, pretending to dislike her new best friend He knew how nave his wife was, and he took advantage of it, fooling her the way he didLoyalty is such(prenominal) an important virtue among relationships, no matter what kind they are If there is no honesty, loyalty, trust, and faith so there is no reason for the relationship to keep going Most of the time, it is quite possible for a woman to be able to tell when her husband is not fully satisfied, or when he is eyesight someone else, but poor nave Bertha never worried about it did not even enshroud her mind This innocence and lack of experience, later corrupted and manipulated by the evil hands of adultery, shaped her life the way it did, hitting her harder than she would have ever imagined, giving her the experience she lackedBliss is not a figment about sa dness although that is the first reaction- it is the story about achieving adulthood and independent thought. For this woman will never again go around blindly, accepting the social norms of what has been dictated to her from birth. The point of the story is the imagined next day of this woman, who has been so shaken to her core, and how she will survive the knowledge of hypocrisy in the world. So this poor woman is actually a hero- she has gone through her adolescence a bit later than one would hope of a modern day woman, but nonetheless, she has achieved her own independence. So in reality, it is a story of triumph.